Skip to main content

Swine Flu aka Influenza A(H1N1)

11/6/09
WHO declares Phase 6 pandemic alert.
GENEVA (Reuters) - The World Health Organisation declared an influenza pandemic on Thursday and called on governments to prepare for a long-term battle against an unstoppable flu virus.
The United Nations agency raised its pandemic flu alert to phase 6 on a six-point scale, indicating the first influenza pandemic since 1968 is under way.
"With today's announcement, WHO moves from an emergency to a longer-term response. Based on past experience, this pandemic will be with us for some months, if not years, to come," WHO Director-General Dr Margaret Chan said in a letter to staff, a copy of which was obtained by Reuters.
People aged 30-50, pregnant women or people suffering from chronic conditions such as asthma, diabetes or obesity are deemed at highest risk, she told a news conference.
Countries from Australia to Chile and the United States are also reporting that the new virus, commonly known as swine flu, is "crowding out" seasonal flu, becoming the predominant influenza strain, she said.
For now the virus was "pretty stable", but Chan warned that it could still mutate into a more deadly form, taking on characteristics of the separate H5N1 bird flu virus circulating widely in poultry.
"So it is incumbent on WHO and all members to stay vigilant and alert for the next year or two or even beyond," she said.
WHO's top flu expert Keiji Fukuda agreed, saying: "When you're talking about pandemic influenza, you are talking about a marathon, you are not talking about a sprint."
Acting on the recommendation of flu experts, the WHO reiterated its advice to its 193 member countries not to close borders or impose travel restrictions to halt the movement of people, goods and services, a call echoed by U.N. Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon.
The move to phase 6 reflects the fact that the disease, widely known as swine flu, is spreading geographically, but does not indicate how virulent it is.
Widespread transmission of the virus in Victoria, Australia, signalling that it is entrenched in another region besides North America, was one of the key triggers for moving to phase 6.
NO SURPRISE
"This is not a surprise," Dr Thomas Frieden, new director of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, told a news conference. "It is expected based on the data."
A unanimous experts' decision was based on an overall assessment in the eight most heavily hit countries -- Australia, Britain, Canada, Chile, Japan, Mexico, Spain and the United States -- that the virus is spreading in a sustained way in communities, according to Chan.
"Collectively, looking at that, we are satisfied that this virus is spreading to a number of countries and it is not stoppable," she said.
"Moving to pandemic phase six level does not imply we will see an increase in the number of deaths or very severe cases.
"Quite on the contrary. Many people are having mild disease, they recover without medicines in some cases and it is good news," she said.
Measuring the impact of the disease as it develops and spreads is difficult.
"It is very hard to get a sense of how many people are really dying from something like pandemic flu," Fukuda said.
Chan said the WHO global assessment of the pandemic was that it was moderate, but at the national level the picture could be different.
"Although the pandemic appears to have moderate severity in comparatively well-off countries, it is prudent to anticipate a bleaker picture as the virus spreads to areas with limited resources, poor health care, and a high prevalence of underlying medical problems," she said.
VACCINE PRODUCTION
The WHO recommended drugmakers stay on track to complete production of seasonal influenza vaccine for the northern hemisphere's next winter in the next two weeks. Each year, normal flu kills up to 500,000 people and infects millions.
Seasonal flu affects mainly the elderly, and causes severe illness in millions, so a premature switch in vaccine production to cope with the new strain could put many people at risk.
"So our recommendation is they need to finish the seasonal vaccine and then move over. That is pretty good in terms of dove-tailing the production of the two types of vaccine. So I think that this may just work out," Chan said.
Chan said the Geneva-based agency would work with regulatory authorities to help fast-track approval of new pandemic vaccines that are safe and effective so that they can be made available as soon as possible. In any case, the first doses would only be available in September, she added.
A pandemic could cause enormous disruption to business as workers stay home because they are sick or to look after family members and authorities restrict gatherings of large numbers of people or movement of people or goods.
World markets shrugged off the possibility of a pandemic, as investors focused on possible global economic recovery.
The new strain can be treated by antiviral drugs oseltamivir, the generic name of Roche Holding's Tamiflu tablets, and Relenza, a spray made by GlaxoSmithKline.
The strain, which emerged in April in Mexico and the United States, has spread widely. There have been 28,774 infections reported in 74 countries to date, including 144 deaths, according to WHO's latest tally of laboratory-confirmed cases.
(Additional reporting by Laura MacInnis in Geneva, Michael Kahn in London, and Maggie Fox in Washington)
Copyright © 2008 Reuters

3/6/09
WHO considering to raise pandemic alert to level 6.
WHO: 62 countries have officially reported 17 410 cases of influenza A(H1N1) infection, including 115 deaths. Australia's confirmed cases rose to 299.

28/5/09
WHO - 48 countries have officially reported 13,398 cases of influenza A(H1N1) infection, including 95 deaths. Rising cases in Chile (86), Australia (39), China (22) and Korea (21).

22/5/09
8th case in Australia, Japan at 290 cases.
WHO - 41 countries have officially reported 11 034 cases of influenza A(H1N1) infection, including 85 deaths.

18/5/09
Quarantine for passengers onboarding AirAsia KL - Penang AK5358 flight
Japan confirmed cases rose to 125
As of now, there are 8,829 confirmed cases with 74 deaths. WHO laboratories have confirmed 125 cases in Japan, making it the largest cluster of H1N1 outside of the Americas, followed by Spain with 103 and Britain with 101.

17/5/09
Influenza A(H1N1) - update 31
17 May 2009 -- As of 06:00 GMT, 17 May 2009, 39 countries have officially reported 8480 cases of influenza A(H1N1) infection.

Mexico has reported 2895 laboratory confirmed human cases of infection, including 66 deaths. The United States has reported 4714 laboratory confirmed human cases, including four deaths. Canada has reported 496 laboratory confirmed human cases, including one death. Costa Rica has reported nine laboratory confirmed human cases, including one death.

The following countries have reported laboratory confirmed cases with no deaths - Argentina (1), Australia (1), Austria (1), Belgium (4), Brazil (8), China (5), Colombia (11), Cuba (3), Denmark (1), Ecuador (1), El Salvador (4), Finland (2), France (14), Germany (14), Guatemala (3), India (1), Ireland (1), Israel (7), Italy (9), Japan (7), Malaysia (2), Netherlands (3), New Zealand (9), Norway (2), Panama (54), Peru (1), Poland (1), Portugal (1), Republic of Korea (3), Spain (103), Sweden (3), Switzerland (1), Thailand (2), Turkey (1), and the United Kingdom (82).

WHO is not recommending travel restrictions related to the outbreak of the influenza A(H1N1) virus.

16/509
Malaysia's 2nd confirmed case

15/5/09
Malaysia's 1st confirmed H1N1 case

13/5/09
Influenza A(H1N1) - update 26
12 May 2009 -- As of 06:00 GMT, 12 May 2009, 30 countries have officially reported 5251 cases of influenza A(H1N1) infection.

Mexico has reported 2059 laboratory confirmed human cases of infection, including 56 deaths. The United States has reported 2600 laboratory confirmed human cases, including three deaths. Canada has reported 330 laboratory confirmed human cases, including one death. Costa Rica has reported eight laboratory confirmed human cases, including one death.

3/5/09
No. of cases increased to 787
3 May 2009 -- As of 0600 GMT, 3 May 2009, 17 countries have officially reported 787 cases of influenza A(H1N1) infection.

Mexico has reported 506 confirmed human cases of infection, including 19 deaths. The higher number of cases from Mexico in the past 48 hours reflects ongoing testing of previously collected specimens. The United States Government has reported 160 laboratory confirmed human cases, including one death.

1/5/09
No. of new cases dropping in Mexico
Both Roche AG's Tamiflu, known generically as oseltamivir, and GlaxoSmithKline's Relenza, known as zanamivir, have been shown to work against the new virus.

The WHO said on Thursday it would call the new virus strain Influenza A (H1N1), not "swine flu", to appease outraged meat producers since there is no evidence that pigs have the virus or can transmit it to humans.

Influenza A(H1N1) - update 7
1 May 2009 -- The situation continues to evolve rapidly. As of 06:00 GMT, 1 May 2009, 11 countries have officially reported 331 cases of influenza A(H1N1) infection.

The United States Government has reported 109 laboratory confirmed human cases, including one death. Mexico has reported 156 confirmed human cases of infection, including nine deaths.

30/4/09 5 am
Swine Flu raised to level 5, 1st death in US
Swine influenza - update 5 by WHO

28/4/09 6 pm
World battles swine flu as death toll rises
'Four in 10 Britons could fall ill in flu pandemic'
Deadly strain of flu arrives in Britain
Will a face mask help to protect me? Are there enough anti-viral drugs?
1st confirmed case in Valencia, Spain

What are the symptoms?
The symptoms are similar to those of regular flu:
- Fever
- Lethargy
- Runny nose
- Cough
- Sore throat
- Lack of appetite
- Vomiting and diarrhoea in some cases

What can I do to protect myself from the swine flu?
There is no vaccine available right now to protect against the swine flu.
However, you can help prevent the spread of germs that cause respiratory illnesses like influenza by:
- Covering your nose and mouth with a disposable tissue or handkerchief when you cough or sneeze. Throw the tissue in the waste basket after you use it.
- Wash your hands often with soap and water, especially after you cough or sneeze. Alcohol-based hand cleaners are also helpful
- Try to avoid close contact with sick people. - If you get sick with influenza, stay at home and limit contact with others to keep from infecting them.
- Avoid touching your eyes, nose or mouth.
- Consult your nearest healthcare facility if you think you have any of the symptoms.

What precautions are in place in Malaysia?
- The Health Ministry’s operations room in Putrajaya has started a 24-hour monitoring of the situation. The public can call 03-8881 0200/300 for enquiries

Comments